Y.
Y (wī). Y, the twenty-fifth letter of the
English alphabet, at the beginning of a word or syllable, except when
a prefix (see Y-), is usually a fricative vocal consonant; as a
prefix, and usually in the middle or at the end of a syllable, it is a
vowel. See Guide to Pronunciation, §§ 145, 178-9,
272.
It derives its form from the Latin Y, which is from the Greek
Υ, originally the same letter as V. Etymologically, it is most
nearly related to u, i, o, and j.
g; as in full, fill, AS. fyllan; E.
crypt, grotto; young, juvenile;
day, AS. dæg. See U, I, and
J, G.
&fist; Y has been called the Pythagorean letter, because the
Greek letter Υ was taken represent the sacred triad, formed by
the duad proceeding from the monad; and also because it represents the
dividing of the paths of vice and virtue in the development of human
life.
Y (wī), n.; pl.
Y's (wīz) or Ys.
Something shaped like the letter Y; a
forked piece resembling in form the letter
Y. Specifically: (a)
One of the forked holders for supporting the telescope of a
leveling instrument, or the axis of a theodolite; a wye.
(b) A forked or bifurcated pipe fitting.
(c) (Railroads) A portion of track
consisting of two diverging tracks connected by a cross
track.
Y level (Surv.), an instrument for
measuring differences of level by means of a telescope resting in
Y's. -- Y moth
(Zoöl.), a handsome European noctuid moth Plusia
gamma) which has a bright, silvery mark, shaped like the letter
Y, on each of the fore wings. Its larva,
which is green with five dorsal white species, feeds on the cabbage,
turnip, bean, etc. Called also gamma moth, and silver
Y.
Y (ī), pron. I. [Obs.]
King Horn. Wyclif.
{ Y- (?), or I- }. [OE. y-, i-,
AS. ge-, akin to D. & G. ge-, OHG. gi-, ga-
, Goth. ga-, and perhaps to Latin con-; originally
meaning, together. Cf. Com-, Aware, Enough,
Handiwork, Ywis.] A prefix of obscure meaning,
originally used with verbs, adverbs, adjectives, nouns, and pronouns.
In the Middle English period, it was little employed except with
verbs, being chiefly used with past participles, though occasionally
with the infinitive Ycleped, or yclept, is perhaps the
only word not entirely obsolete which shows this use.
That no wight mighte it see neither
yheere.
Chaucer.
Neither to ben yburied nor
ybrent.
Chaucer.
&fist; Some examples of Chaucer's use of this prefix are;
ibe, ibeen, icaught, ycome, ydo,
idoon, ygo, iproved, ywrought. It
inough, enough, it is combined with an adjective. Other
examples are in the Vocabulary.
Spenser and later writers frequently employed this prefix when
affecting an archaic style, and sometimes used it incorrectly.
Ya (yä), adv. Yea.
[Obs.] Chaucer.
Yac"a*re` (yăk"&adot;*rā`),
n. [See Jacare.] (Zoöl.) A
South American crocodilian (Jacare sclerops) resembling the
alligator in size and habits. The eye orbits are connected together,
and surrounded by prominent bony ridges. Called also spectacled
alligator, and spectacled cayman. [Written also
jacare.]
&fist; The name is also applied to allied species.
Yac"ca (yăk"k&adot;), n.
(Bot.) A West Indian name for two large timber trees
(Podocarpus coriaceus, and P. Purdicanus) of the Yew
family. The wood, which is much used, is pale brownish with darker
streaks.
Yacht (y&obreve;t), n. [D. jagt,
jacht; perhaps properly, a chase, hunting, from. jagen
to chase, hunt, akin to G. jagen, OHG. jagōn, of
uncertain origin; or perhaps akin to OHG. gāhi quick,
sudden (cf. Gay).] (Naut.) A light and elegantly
furnished vessel, used either for private parties of pleasure, or as a
vessel of state to convey distinguished persons from one place to
another; a seagoing vessel used only for pleasure trips, racing,
etc.
Yacht measurement. See the Note under
Tonnage, 4.
Yacht, v. i. To manage a yacht; to
voyage in a yacht.
Yacht"er (-&etilde;r), n. One
engaged in sailing a jacht.
Yacht"ing, n. Sailing for pleasure
in a yacht.
Yacht"man (?), n. See
Yachtsman.
Yachts"man (?), n.; pl.
Yachtsmen (&?;). One who owns or sails a yacht;
a yachter.
Yaf (?), obs. imp. of Give. [AS.
geaf, imp. of giefan to give. See Give]
Gave. See Give. Chaucer.
Yaf"fin*gale (?), n. [See Yaffle,
and cf. Nightingale.] (Zoöl.) The
yaffle. [Prov. Eng.]
Yaf"fle (?), n. [Probably imitative of
its call or cry.] (Zoöl.) The European green
woodpecker (Picus, or Genius, viridis). It is noted for its
loud laughlike note. Called also eccle, hewhole,
highhoe, laughing bird, popinjay, rain
bird, yaffil, yaffler, yaffingale,
yappingale, yackel, and woodhack.
Ya"ger (?; 277), n. [G.
jäger a hunter, from jagen to chase, hunt.]
(Mil.) In the German army, one belonging to a body of
light infantry armed with rifles, resembling the chasseur of
the French army. [Written also jager.]
Ya`gua*run"di (?), n.
(Zoöl.) Same as Jaguarondi. [Written
also yaguarondi, and yagouarondi.]
||Yaj"ur-Ve"da (y&adot;j"ûr-vā`d&adot;
or -vē`d&adot;), n. [Skr. yajur-
vēda.] See Veda.
Yak (yăk), n. [Thibetan
gyag.] (Zoöl.) A bovine mammal
(Poëphagus grunnies) native of the high plains of Central
Asia. Its neck, the outer side of its legs, and its flanks, are
covered with long, flowing, fine hair. Its tail is long and bushy,
often white, and is valued as an ornament and for other purposes in
India and China. There are several domesticated varieties, some of
which lack the mane and the long hair on the flanks. Called also
chauri gua, grunting cow, grunting ox,
sarlac, sarlik, and sarluc.
Yak lace, a coarse pillow lace made from the
silky hair of the yak.
Yak"a*milk (?), n. (Zoöl.)
See Trumpeter, 3 (a).
Yak"a*re` (?), n. (Zoöl.)
Same as Yacare.
Ya"kin (?), n. (Zoöl.)
A large Asiatic antelope (Budorcas taxicolor) native of
the higher parts of the Himalayas and other lofty mountains. Its head
and neck resemble those of the ox, and its tail is like that of the
goat. Called also budorcas.
Ya*koots" (?), n. pl.; sing.
Yakoot (&?;). (Ethnol.) A nomadic
Mongolian tribe native of Northern Siberia, and supposed to be of
Turkish stock. They are mainly pastoral in their habits.
[Written also Yakuts.]
||Yak"sha (?), n. [Skr.] (Hindoo
Myth.) A kind of demigod attendant on Kuvera, the god of
wealth.
Ya"lah (?), n. The oil of the mahwa
tree.
Yam (yăm), n. [Pg. inhame,
probably from some native name.] (Bot.) A large, esculent,
farinaceous tuber of various climbing plants of the genus
Dioscorea; also, the plants themselves. Mostly natives of warm
climates. The plants have netted-veined, petioled leaves, and pods
with three broad wings. The commonest species is D. sativa, but
several others are cultivated.
Chinese yam, a plant (Dioscorea
Batatas) with a long and slender tuber, hardier than most of the
other species. -- Wild yam. (a)
A common plant (Dioscorea villosa) of the Eastern United
States, having a hard and knotty rootstock. (b)
An orchidaceous plant (Gastrodia sesamoides) of Australia
and Tasmania.
||Ya"ma (?), n. [Skr. yama a
twin.] (Hindoo Myth.) The king of the infernal regions,
corresponding to the Greek Pluto, and also the judge of departed
souls. In later times he is more exclusively considered the dire judge
of all, and the tormentor of the wicked. He is represented as of a
green color, with red garments, having a crown on his head, his eyes
inflamed, and sitting on a buffalo, with a club and noose in his
hands.
Yam"ma (?), n. [See Llama.]
(Zoöl.) The llama.
Yamp (?), n. (Bot.) An
umbelliferous plant (Carum Gairdneri); also, its small fleshy
roots, which are eaten by the Indians from Idaho to
California.
Yang (?), n. [Of imitative origin.]
The cry of the wild goose; a honk.
Yang, v. i. To make the cry of the
wild goose.
Yank (?), n. [Cf. Scot. yank a
sudden and severe blow.] A jerk or twitch. [Colloq. U.
S.]
Yank, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Yanked (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Yanking.] To twitch; to jerk. [Colloq. U. S.]
Yank, n. An abbreviation of
Yankee. [Slang]
Yan"kee (?), n. [Commonly considered to
be a corrupt pronunciation of the word English, or of the
French word Anglais, by the native Indians of America.
According to Thierry, a corruption of Jankin, a diminutive of
John, and a nickname given to the English colonists of
Connecticut by the Dutch settlers of New York. Dr. W. Gordon ("Hist.
of the Amer. War," ed, 1789, vol. i., pp. 324, 325) says it was a
favorite cant word in Cambridge, Mass., as early as 1713, and that it
meant excellent; as, a yankee good horse, yankee
good cider, etc. Cf. Scot yankie a sharp, clever, and rather
bold woman, and Prov. E. bow-yankees a kind of leggins worn by
agricultural laborers.] A nickname for a native or citizen of New
England, especially one descended from old New England stock; by
extension, an inhabitant of the Northern States as distinguished from
a Southerner; also, applied sometimes by foreigners to any inhabitant
of the United States.
From meanness first this Portsmouth Yankey
rose,
And still to meanness all his conduct flows.
Oppression, A poem by an American (Boston, 1765).
Yan"kee, a. Of or pertaining to a
Yankee; characteristic of the Yankees.
The alertness of the Yankee aspect.
Hawthorne.
Yankee clover. (Bot.) See Japan
clover, under Japan.
Yan`kee-Doo"dle (?), n.
1. The name of a tune adopted popularly as one of
the national airs of the United States.
2. Humorously, a Yankee.
We might have withheld our political noodles
From knocking their heads against hot Yankee-
Doodles.
Moore.
Yan"kee*ism (?), n. A Yankee idiom,
word, custom, or the like. Lowell.
||Yaourt (?), n. [Turk. yoghurt.]
A fermented drink, or milk beer, made by the Turks.
Yap (?), v. i. [Icel.
gjālpa; akin to yelp. Cf. Yaup.] To
bark; to yelp. L'Estrange.
Yap (?), n. A bark; a
yelp.
Ya"pock (?; 277), n. [Probably from the
river Oyapok, between French Guiana and Brazil.]
(Zoöl.) A South American aquatic opossum
(Chironectes variegatus) found in Guiana and Brazil. Its hind
feet are webbed, and its fore feet do not have an opposable thumb for
climbing. Called also water opossum. [Written also
yapack.]
Ya"pon (?; 277), n. (Bot.)
Same as Yaupon.
Yar"age (?; 48), n. [See Yare,
a.] (Naut.) The power of moving, or
being managed, at sea; -- said with reference to a ship. Sir
T. North.
Yard (?), n. [OE. yerd, AS.
gierd, gyrd, a rod, stick, a measure, a yard; akin to
OFries. ierde, OS. gerda, D. garde, G.
gerte, OHG. gartia, gerta, gart, Icel.
gaddr a goad, sting, Goth. gazds, and probably to L.
hasta a spear. Cf. Gad, n.,
Gird, n., Gride, v.
i., Hastate.]
1. A rod; a stick; a staff. [Obs.]
P. Plowman.
If men smote it with a yerde.
Chaucer.
2. A branch; a twig. [Obs.]
The bitter frosts with the sleet and rain
Destroyed hath the green in every yerd.
Chaucer.
3. A long piece of timber, as a rafter,
etc. [Obs.]
4. A measure of length, equaling three feet,
or thirty-six inches, being the standard of English and American
measure.
5. The penis.
6. (Naut.) A long piece of timber,
nearly cylindrical, tapering toward the ends, and designed to support
and extend a square sail. A yard is usually hung by the center to the
mast. See Illust. of Ship.
Golden Yard, or Yard and
Ell (Astron.), a popular name of the three stars
in the belt of Orion. -- Under yard [i.
e., under the rod], under contract. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Yard, n. [OE. yard, yerd,
AS. geard; akin to OFries. garda garden, OS.
gardo garden, gard yard, D. gaard garden, G.
garten, OHG. garto garden, gari inclosure, Icel.
garðr yard, house, Sw. gård, Dan.
gaard, Goth. gards a house, garda sheepfold, L.
hortus garden, Gr. cho`rtos an inclosure. Cf.
Court, Garden, Garth, Horticulture,
Orchard.]
1. An inclosure; usually, a small inclosed
place in front of, or around, a house or barn; as, a courtyard;
a cowyard; a barnyard.
A yard . . . inclosed all about with sticks
In which she had a cock, hight chanticleer.
Chaucer.
2. An inclosure within which any work or
business is carried on; as, a dockyard; a
shipyard.
Liberty of the yard, a liberty, granted to
persons imprisoned for debt, of walking in the yard, or within any
other limits prescribed by law, on their giving bond not to go beyond
those limits. -- Prison yard, an inclosure
about a prison, or attached to it. -- Yard
grass (Bot.), a low-growing grass (Eleusine
Indica) having digitate spikes. It is common in dooryards, and
like places, especially in the Southern United States. Called also
crab grass. -- Yard of land. See
Yardland.
Yard, v. t. To confine (cattle) to
the yard; to shut up, or keep, in a yard; as, to yard
cows.
Yard"arm` (?), n. (Naut.)
Either half of a square-rigged vessel's yard, from the center or
mast to the end.
&fist; Ships are said to be yardarm and yardarm when so near
as to touch, or interlock yards.
Yard"ful (?), n.; pl.
Yardfuls (&?;). As much as a yard will contain;
enough to fill a yard.
Yard"land` (?), n. (O. Eng. Law)
A measure of land of uncertain quantity, varying from fifteen to
forty acres; a virgate. [Obs.]
Yard"stick` (?), n. A stick three
feet, or a yard, in length, used as a measure of cloth, etc.
Yard"wand` (?), n. A
yardstick. Tennyson.
Yare (?), a. [OE. yare,
&yogh;aru, AS. gearu; akin to OS. garu, OHG.
garo, G. gar, Icel. gerr perfect,
görva quite, G. gerben to tan, to curry, OHG.
garawen, garwen, to make ready. Cf. Carouse,
Garb clothing, Gear, n.] Ready;
dexterous; eager; lively; quick to move. [Obs.] "Be yare
in thy preparation." Shak.
The lesser [ship] will come and go, leave or take, and
is yare; whereas the greater is slow.
Sir W.
Raleigh.
Yare, adv. Soon. [Obs.]
Cursor Mundi.
Yare"ly, adv. In a yare
manner. [Obs.] Shak.
Yark (?), v. t. & i. To yerk.
[Prov. Eng.]
Yar"ke (?), n. (Zoöl.)
Same as Saki.
Yarn (?), n. [OE. yarn,
&yogh;arn, AS. gearn; akin to D. garen, G., OHG.,
Icel., Sw., & Dan. garn; of uncertain origin. Cf.
Cord.]
1. Spun wool; woolen thread; also, thread of
other material, as of cotton, flax, hemp, or silk; material spun and
prepared for use in weaving, knitting, manufacturing sewing thread, or
the like.
2. (Rope Making) One of the threads of
which the strands of a rope are composed.
3. A story told by a sailor for the amusement
of his companions; a story or tale; as, to spin a yarn.
[Colloq.]
Yarn"en (?), a. Made of yarn;
consisting of yarn. [Obs.] "A pair of yarnen stocks."
Turbervile.
Yar"nut` (?), n. (Bot.) See
Yernut.
Yarr (?), v. i. [OE.
&yogh;arren.] To growl or snarl as a dog. [Obs.]
Ainsworth.
Yar"rish (?), a. [Prov. E. yar
sour, yare brackish.] Having a rough, dry taste.
[Prov. Eng.]
Yar"row (?), n. [OE. yarowe,
yarwe, &yogh;arowe, AS. gearwe; akin to D.
gerw, OHG. garwa, garawa, G. garbe,
schafgarbe, and perhaps to E. yare.] (Bot.)
An American and European composite plant (Achillea
Millefolium) with very finely dissected leaves and small white
corymbed flowers. It has a strong, and somewhat aromatic, odor and
taste, and is sometimes used in making beer, or is dried for smoking.
Called also milfoil, and nosebleed.
Yar"whip` (?), n. [So called from its
sharp cry uttered when taking wing.] (Zoöl.) The
European bar-tailed godwit; -- called also yardkeep, and
yarwhelp. See Godwit. [Prov. Eng.]
Yat"a*ghan (?), n. [Turk.
yātāghān.] A long knife, or short saber,
common among Mohammedan nations, usually having a double curve,
sometimes nearly straight. [Written also ataghan,
attaghan.] Chaucer.
Yate (?), n. A gate. See 1st
Gate. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Spenser.
Yaud (?), n. See Yawd.
[Prov. Eng. & Scot.]
Yaul (?), n. (Naut.) See
Yawl.
Yaulp (?), v. i. To yaup.
Yaup (?), v. i. [See Yap, and
Yelp.] To cry out like a child; to yelp. [Scot. &
Colloq. U. S.] [Written also yawp.]
Yaup, n. [Written also yawp.]
1. A cry of distress, rage, or the like, as
the cry of a sickly bird, or of a child in pain. [Scot. &
Colloq. U. S.]
2. (Zoöl.) The blue
titmouse. [Prov. Eng.]
Yaup"er (?), n. One who, or that
which, yaups.
Yau"pon (?), n. (Bot.) A
shrub (Ilex Cassine) of the Holly family, native from Virginia
to Florida. The smooth elliptical leaves are used as a substitute for
tea, and were formerly used in preparing the black drink of the
Indians of North Carolina. Called also South-Sea tea.
[Written also yapon, youpon, and yupon.]
Yaw (?), v. i. [imp. & p.
p. Yawed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Yawing.] [Cf. Yew, v. i.] To rise
in blisters, breaking in white froth, as cane juice in the clarifiers
in sugar works.
Yaw, v. i. & t. [Cf. Prov. G.
gagen to rock, gageln to totter, shake, Norw.
gaga to bend backward, Icel. gagr bent back, gaga
to throw the neck back.] (Naut.) To steer wild, or out of
the line of her course; to deviate from her course, as when struck by
a heavy sea; -- said of a ship.
Just as he would lay the ship's course, all
yawing being out of the question.
Lowell.
Yaw, n. (Naut.) A movement
of a vessel by which she temporarily alters her course; a deviation
from a straight course in steering.
Yawd (?), n. [Cf. Icel. jalda a
mare, E. jade a nag.] A jade; an old horse or mare.
[Written also yaud.] [Prov. Eng. & Scot.] Grose.
Yawl (?), n. [D. jol; akin to LG.
& Dan. jolle, Sw. julle. Cf. Jolly-boat.]
(Naut.) A small ship's boat, usually rowed by four or six
oars. [Written also yaul.]
Yawl, v. i. [OE. &yogh;aulen,
&yogh;oulen, gaulen, goulen, Icel. gaula
to low, bellow. Cf. Gowl.] To cry out like a dog or cat;
to howl; to yell. Tennyson.
There howling Scyllas yawling round
about.
Fairfax.
Yawl"-rigged" (?), a. (Naut.)
Having two masts with fore-and-aft sails, but differing from a
schooner in that the after mast is very small, and stepped as far aft
as possible. See Illustration in Appendix.
Yawn (y&add;n), v. i. [imp. & p.
p. Yawned (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Yawning.] [OE. yanien, &yogh;anien,
ganien, gonien, AS. gānian; akin to
ginian to yawn, gīnan to yawn, open wide, G.
gähnen to yawn, OHG. ginēn,
geinōn, Icel. gīna to yawn, gin the
mouth, OSlav. zijati to yawn, L. hiare to gape, yawn;
and perhaps to E. begin, cf. Gr. cheia` a hole.
√47b. Cf. Begin, Gin to begin,
Hiatus.]
1. To open the mouth involuntarily through
drowsiness, dullness, or fatigue; to gape; to oscitate. "The
lazy, yawning drone." Shak.
And while above he spends his breath,
The yawning audience nod beneath.
Trumbull.
2. To open wide; to gape, as if to allow the
entrance or exit of anything.
't is now the very witching time of night,
When churchyards yawn.
Shak.
3. To open the mouth, or to gape, through
surprise or bewilderment. Shak.
4. To be eager; to desire to swallow anything;
to express desire by yawning; as, to yawn for fat
livings. "One long, yawning gaze." Landor.
Yawn, n. 1. An
involuntary act, excited by drowsiness, etc., consisting of a deep and
long inspiration following several successive attempts at inspiration,
the mouth, fauces, etc., being wide open.
One person yawning in company will produce a
spontaneous yawn in all present.
N.
Chipman.
2. The act of opening wide, or of
gaping. Addison.
3. A chasm, mouth, or passageway.
[R.]
Now gape the graves, and trough their yawns let
loose
Imprisoned spirits.
Marston.
Yawn"ing*ly, adv. In a yawning
manner.
Yawp (?), v. & n. See
Yaup.
Yaws (?), n. [African yaw a
raspberry.] (Med.) A disease, occurring in the Antilles
and in Africa, characterized by yellowish or reddish tumors, of a
contagious character, which, in shape and appearance, often resemble
currants, strawberries, or raspberries. There are several varieties of
this disease, variously known as frambœsia, pian,
verrugas, and crab-yaws.
Yaw"-weed` (?), n. (Bot.) A
low, shrubby, rubiaceous plant (Morinda Royoc) growing along
the seacoast of the West Indies. It has small, white, odorous
flowers.
Y*be" (?), obs. p. p. of Be.
Been. Chaucer.
Y*cleped" (?), p. p. [AS.
geclipod, p. p. of clipian, cleopian,
cliopian, to call. See Clepe, and also the Note under
Y-.] Called; named; -- obsolete, except in archaic or
humorous writings. [Spelt also yclept.]
It is full fair to ben yclept
madame.
Chaucer.
But come, thou goddess fair and free.
In heaven ycleped Euphrosyne.
Milton.
Those charming little missives ycleped
valentines.
Lamb.
Y*do" (?), obs. p. p. of Do.
Done. Chaucer.
Y*drad" (?), obs. p. p. of Dread.
Dreaded.
Yet nothing did he dread, but ever was
ydrad.
Spenser.
{Ye, Ye (&thlig;ē)}, an
old method of printing the article the (AS. þe),
the "y" being used in place of the Anglo-Saxon thorn (þ). It is
sometimes incorrectly pronounced yē. See The, and
Thorn, n., 4.
Y"ë (ē"e), n.;
pl. Yën (ē"en). An
eye. [Obs.]
From his yën ran the water
down.
Chaucer.
Ye (yē), pron. [OE. ye,
&yogh;e, nom. pl., AS. ge, gī; cf. OS.
ge, gī, OFries. gī, ī,
D. gij, Dan. & Sw. i, Icel. ēr, OHG.
ir, G. ihr, Goth. jus, Lith. jus, Gr.
"ymei^s, Skr. yuyam. √189.] The plural of
the pronoun of the second person in the nominative case.
Ye ben to me right welcome
heartily.
Chaucer.
But ye are washed, but ye are
sanctified.
1 Cor. vi. 11.
This would cost you your life in case ye were a
man.
Udall.
&fist; In Old English ye was used only as a nominative, and
you only as a dative or objective. In the 16th century,
however, ye and you became confused and were often used
interchangeably, both as nominatives and objectives, and you
has now superseded ye except in solemn or poetic use. See
You, and also the first Note under Thou.
Vain pomp and glory of this world, I hate
ye.
Shak.
I come, kind gentlemen, strange news to tell
ye.
Dryden.
Ye (yā), adv. [See Yea.]
Yea; yes. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Yea (yā or yē; 277), adv.
[OE. ye, ya, &yogh;e, &yogh;a, AS.
geá; akin to OFries. gē, iē,
OS., D., OHG., G., Dan. & Sw. ja, Icel, jā, Goth.
ja, jai, and probably to Gr. "h^ truly,
verily. √188. Cf. Yes.]
1. Yes; ay; a word expressing assent, or an
affirmative, or an affirmative answer to a question, now superseded by
yes. See Yes.
Let your communication be yea, yea; nay,
nay.
Matt. v. 37.
2. More than this; not only so, but; -- used
to mark the addition of a more specific or more emphatic clause. Cf.
Nay, adv., 2.
I therein do rejoice, yea, and will
rejoice.
Phil. i. 18.
&fist; Yea sometimes introduces a clause, with the sense of
indeed, verily, truly. "Yea, hath God
said, Ye shall not eat of every tree of the garden?" Gen. iii.
1.
Yea, n. An affirmative vote; one
who votes in the affirmative; as, a vote by yeas and
nays.
&fist; In the Scriptures, yea is used as a sign of certainty
or stability. "All the promises of God in him are yea, and in
him Amen." 2 Cor. i. 20.
Yead (?), v. i. Properly, a variant
of the defective imperfect yode, but sometimes mistaken for a
present. See the Note under Yede. [Obs.]
Years yead away and faces fair
deflower.
Drant.
Yean (?), v. t. & i. [imp. & p.
p. Yeaned (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Yeaning.] [AS. eánian, or geeánian;
perhaps akin to E. ewe, or perhaps to L. agnus, Gr. &?;.
Cf. Ean.] To bring forth young, as a goat or a sheep; to
ean. Shak.
Yean"ling (?), n. [Yean + -
ling. Cf. Eanling.] A lamb or a kid; an
eanling. Shak.
Year (?), n. [OE. yer,
yeer, &yogh;er, AS. geár; akin to OFries.
i&?;r, g&?;r, D. jaar, OHG. jār, G.
jahr, Icel. ār, Dan. aar, Sw.
år, Goth. j&?;r, Gr. &?; a season of the year,
springtime, a part of the day, an hour, &?; a year, Zend
yāre year. √4, 279. Cf. Hour,
Yore.]
1. The time of the apparent revolution of the
sun trough the ecliptic; the period occupied by the earth in making
its revolution around the sun, called the astronomical year;
also, a period more or less nearly agreeing with this, adopted by
various nations as a measure of time, and called the civil
year; as, the common lunar year of 354 days, still in use
among the Mohammedans; the year of 360 days, etc. In common
usage, the year consists of 365 days, and every fourth year (called
bissextile, or leap year) of 366 days, a day being added
to February on that year, on account of the excess above 365 days (see
Bissextile).
Of twenty year of age he was, I
guess.
Chaucer.
&fist; The civil, or legal, year, in England,
formerly commenced on the 25th of March. This practice continued
throughout the British dominions till the year 1752.
2. The time in which any planet completes a
revolution about the sun; as, the year of Jupiter or of
Saturn.
3. pl. Age, or old age; as, a man in
years. Shak.
Anomalistic year, the time of the earth's
revolution from perihelion to perihelion again, which is 365 days, 6
hours, 13 minutes, and 48 seconds. -- A year's
mind (Eccl.), a commemoration of a deceased
person, as by a Mass, a year after his death. Cf. A month's
mind, under Month. -- Bissextile
year. See Bissextile. -- Canicular
year. See under Canicular. -- Civil
year, the year adopted by any nation for the computation
of time. -- Common lunar year, the period
of 12 lunar months, or 354 days. -- Common
year, each year of 365 days, as distinguished from
leap year. -- Embolismic year, or
Intercalary lunar year, the period of 13 lunar
months, or 384 days. -- Fiscal year
(Com.), the year by which accounts are reckoned, or the
year between one annual time of settlement, or balancing of accounts,
and another. -- Great year. See Platonic
year, under Platonic. -- Gregorian
year, Julian year. See under
Gregorian, and Julian. -- Leap
year. See Leap year, in the Vocabulary. --
Lunar astronomical year, the period of 12 lunar
synodical months, or 354 days, 8 hours, 48 minutes, 36 seconds. -
- Lunisolar year. See under
Lunisolar. -- Periodical year. See
Anomalistic year, above. -- Platonic
year, Sabbatical year. See under
Platonic, and Sabbatical. -- Sidereal
year, the time in which the sun, departing from any
fixed star, returns to the same. This is 365 days, 6 hours, 9 minutes,
and 9.3 seconds. -- Tropical year. See
under Tropical. -- Year and a day (O.
Eng. Law), a time to be allowed for an act or an event, in
order that an entire year might be secured beyond all question.
Abbott. -- Year of grace, any year of the
Christian era; Anno Domini; A. D. or a. d.
Ye*a"ra (?), n. (Bot.) The
California poison oak (Rhus diversiloba). See under
Poison, a.
Year"book` (?), n. 1.
A book published yearly; any annual report or summary of the
statistics or facts of a year, designed to be used as a reference
book; as, the Congregational Yearbook.
2. (Eng. Law) A book containing annual
reports of cases adjudged in the courts of England.
&fist; The Yearbooks are the oldest English reports extant,
beginning with the reign of Edward II., and ending with the reign of
Henry VIII. They were published annually, and derive their name from
that fact. They consist of eleven parts, or volumes, are written in
Law French, and extend over nearly two hundred years. There are,
however, several hiatuses, or chasms, in the series. Kent.
Bouvier.
Yeared (?), a. Containing years;
having existed or continued many years; aged. [Obs.] B.
Jonson.
Year"ling (?), n. [Year + -
ling.] An animal one year old, or in the second year of its
age; -- applied chiefly to cattle, sheep, and horses.
Year"ling, a. Being a year
old. "A yearling bullock to thy name small smoke."
Pope.
Year"ly (?), a. [AS.
geárlic.]
1. Happening, accruing, or coming every year;
annual; as, a yearly income; a yearly feast.
2. Lasting a year; as, a yearly
plant.
3. Accomplished in a year; as, the
yearly circuit, or revolution, of the earth.
Shak.
Year"ly, adv. [AS.
geárlice.] Annually; once a year to year; as,
blessings yearly bestowed.
Yearly will I do this rite.
Shak.
Yearn (y&etilde;rn), v. t. [imp.
& p. p. Yearned (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Yearning.] [Also earn, ern; probably
a corruption of OE. ermen to grieve, AS. ierman,
yrman, or geierman, geyrman, fr. earm
wretched, poor; akin to D. & G. arm, Icel. armr, Goth.
arms. The y- in English is perhaps due to the AS.
ge (see Y-).] To pain; to grieve; to vex.
[Obs.] "She laments, sir, for it, that it would yearn your
heart to see it." Shak.
It yearns me not if men my garments
wear.
Shak.
Yearn, v. i. To be pained or
distressed; to grieve; to mourn. [Obs.] "Falstaff he is dead,
and we must yearn therefore." Shak.
Yearn, v. i. & t. [See
Yearnings.] To curdle, as milk. [Scot.]
Yearn, v. i. [OE. yernen,
&yogh;ernen, &yogh;eornen, AS. geornian,
gyrnan, fr. georn desirous, eager; akin to OS.
gern desirous, girnean, gernean, to desire, D.
gaarne gladly, willingly, G. gern, OHG. gerno,
adv., gern, a., G. gier greed, OHG. girī
greed, ger desirous, gerōn to desire, G.
begehren, Icel. girna to desire, gjarn eager,
Goth. faíhugaírns covetous,
gaírnjan to desire, and perhaps to Gr.
chai`rein to rejoice, be glad, Skr. hary to desire,
to like. √33.] To be filled with longing desire; to be
harassed or rendered uneasy with longing, or feeling the want of a
thing; to strain with emotions of affection or tenderness; to long; to
be eager.
Joseph made haste; for his bowels did yearn upon
his brother; and he sought where to weep.
Gen. xliii.
30.
Your mother's heart yearns towards
you.
Addison.
Yearn"ful (?), a. [OE.
&yogh;eornful, AS. geornfull.] Desirous.
[Obs.] Ormulum. P. Fletcher.
Yearn"ing*ly, adv. With
yearning.
Yearn"ings (?), n. pl. [Cf. AS.
geirnan, geyrnan, to rum. See 4th Earn.]
The maws, or stomachs, of young calves, used as a rennet for
curdling milk. [Scot.]
Yearth (?), n. The earth.
[Obs.] "Is my son dead or hurt or on the yerthe felled?"
Ld. Berners.
Yeast (?), n. [OE. &yogh;eest,
&yogh;est, AS. gist; akin to D. gest,
gist, G. gischt, gäscht, OHG. jesan,
jerian, to ferment, G. gischen, gäschen,
gähren, Gr. &?; boiled, zei^n to boil, Skr.
yas. √111.]
1. The foam, or troth (top yeast), or
the sediment (bottom yeast), of beer or other in fermentation,
which contains the yeast plant or its spores, and under certain
conditions produces fermentation in saccharine or farinaceous
substances; a preparation used for raising dough for bread or cakes,
and making it light and puffy; barm; ferment.
2. Spume, or foam, of water.
They melt thy yeast of waves, which mar
Alike the Armada's pride, or spoils of Trafalgar.
Byron.
Yeast cake, a mealy cake impregnated with the
live germs of the yeast plant, and used as a conveniently
transportable substitute for yeast. -- Yeast
plant (Bot.), the vegetable organism, or fungus,
of which beer yeast consists. The yeast plant is composed of simple
cells, or granules, about one three-thousandth of an inch in diameter,
often united into filaments which reproduce by budding, and under
certain circumstances by the formation of spores. The name is extended
to other ferments of the same genus. See Saccharomyces. -
- Yeast powder, a baling powder, -- used instead
of yeast in leavening bread.
Yeast"-bit`ten (?), a. (Brewing)
A term used of beer when the froth of the yeast has
reëntered the body of the beer.
Yeast"i*ness (?), n. The quality or
state of being yeasty, or frothy.
Yeast"y (?), a. Frothy; foamy;
spumy, like yeast.
Yed"ding (?), n. [AS. geddung,
gidding, giedding, from gieddian, giddian,
to sing, speak.] The song of a minstrel; hence, any song.
[Obs.] Chaucer.
Yede (?), obs. imp. Went. See
Yode.
All as he bade fulfilled was indeed
This ilke servant anon right out yede.
Chaucer.
&fist; Spenser and some later writers mistook this for a present of
the defective imperfect yode. It is, however, only a variant of
yode. See Yode, and cf. Yead.
[He] on foot was forced for to
yeed.
Spenser
Yeel (?), n. An eel. [Obs.]
Holland.
Yeld"hall` (?), n. Guildhall.
[Obs.] Chaucer.
{Yel"drin (?) or Yel"drine },
n. [Cf. Yellow.] (Zoöl.) The
yellow-hammer; -- called also yeldrock, and
yoldrin. [Prov. Eng.]
Yelk (?), n. Same as
Yolk.
Yell (y&ebreve;l), v. i. [imp. &
p. p. Yelled (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Yelling.] [OE. yellen, &yogh;ellen, AS.
giellan, gillan, gyllan; akin to D.
gillen, OHG. gellan, G. gellen, Icel.
gjalla, Sw. gälla to ring, resound, and to AS.,
OS., & OHG. galan to sing, Icel. gala. Cf. 1st
Gale, and Nightingale.] To cry out, or shriek, with
a hideous noise; to cry or scream as with agony or horror.
They yelleden as feendes doon in
helle.
Chaucer.
Nor the night raven, that still deadly
yells.
Spenser.
Infernal ghosts and hellish furies round
Environed thee; some howled, some yelled.
Milton.
Yell (?), v. t. To utter or declare
with a yell; to proclaim in a loud tone. Shak.
Yell, n. A sharp, loud, hideous
outcry.
Their hideous yells
Rend the dark welkin.
J. Philips.
Yel"low (?), a.
[Compar. Yellower (?);
superl. Yellowest.] [OE. yelow,
yelwe, &yogh;elow, &yogh;eoluw, from AS.
geolu; akin to D. geel, OS. & OHG. gelo, G.
gelb, Icel. gulr, Sw. gul, Dan. guul, L.
helvus light bay, Gr. &?; young verdure, &?; greenish yellow,
Skr. hari tawny, yellowish. &?;&?;&?;. Cf. Chlorine,
Gall a bitter liquid, Gold, Yolk.] Being of
a bright saffronlike color; of the color of gold or brass; having the
hue of that part of the rainbow, or of the solar spectrum, which is
between the orange and the green.
Her yellow hair was browded [braided] in a
tress.
Chaucer.
A sweaty reaper from his tillage brought
First fruits, the green ear and the yellow sheaf.
Milton.
The line of yellow light dies fast
away.
Keble.
Yellow atrophy (Med.), a fatal
affection of the liver, in which it undergoes fatty degeneration, and
becomes rapidly smaller and of a deep yellow tinge. The marked
symptoms are black vomit, delirium, convulsions, coma, and
jaundice. -- Yellow bark, calisaya
bark. -- Yellow bass (Zoöl.), a
North American fresh-water bass (Morone interrupta) native of
the lower parts of the Mississippi and its tributaries. It is yellow,
with several more or less broken black stripes or bars. Called also
barfish. -- Yellow berry. (Bot.)
Same as Persian berry, under Persian. --
Yellow boy, a gold coin, as a guinea.
[Slang] Arbuthnot. -- Yellow brier.
(Bot.) See under Brier. -- Yellow
bugle (Bot.), a European labiate plant (Ajuga
Chamæpitys). -- Yellow bunting
(Zoöl.), the European yellow-hammer. --
Yellow cat (Zoöl.), a yellow
catfish; especially, the bashaw. -- Yellow
copperas (Min.), a hydrous sulphate of iron; --
called also copiapite. -- Yellow copper
ore, a sulphide of copper and iron; copper pyrites. See
Chalcopyrite. -- Yellow cress
(Bot.), a yellow-flowered, cruciferous plant (Barbarea
præcox), sometimes grown as a salad plant. --
Yellow dock. (Bot.) See the Note under
Dock. -- Yellow earth, a yellowish
clay, colored by iron, sometimes used as a yellow pigment. --
Yellow fever (Med.), a malignant,
contagious, febrile disease of warm climates, attended with jaundice,
producing a yellow color of the skin, and with the black vomit. See
Black vomit, in the Vocabulary. -- Yellow
flag, the quarantine flag. See under Quarantine,
and 3d Flag. -- Yellow jack.
(a) The yellow fever. See under 2d
Jack. (b) The quarantine flag. See
under Quarantine. -- Yellow jacket
(Zoöl.), any one of several species of American social
wasps of the genus Vespa, in which the color of the body is
partly bright yellow. These wasps are noted for their irritability,
and for their painful stings. -- Yellow lead
ore (Min.), wulfenite. -- Yellow
lemur (Zoöl.), the kinkajou. --
Yellow macauco (Zoöl.), the
kinkajou. -- Yellow mackerel
(Zoöl.), the jurel. -- Yellow
metal. Same as Muntz metal, under
Metal. -- Yellow ocher (Min.),
an impure, earthy variety of brown iron ore, which is used as a
pigment. -- Yellow oxeye (Bot.), a
yellow-flowered plant (Chrysanthemum segetum) closely related
to the oxeye daisy. -- Yellow perch
(Zoöl.), the common American perch. See
Perch. -- Yellow pike
(Zoöl.), the wall-eye. -- Yellow
pine (Bot.), any of several kinds of pine; also,
their yellowish and generally durable timber. Among the most common
are valuable species are Pinus mitis and P. palustris of
the Eastern and Southern States, and P. ponderosa and P.
Arizonica of the Rocky Mountains and Pacific States. --
Yellow plover (Zoöl.), the golden
plover. -- Yellow precipitate (Med.
Chem.), an oxide of mercury which is thrown down as an
amorphous yellow powder on adding corrosive sublimate to
limewater. -- Yellow puccoon. (Bot.)
Same as Orangeroot. -- Yellow rail
(Zoöl.), a small American rail (Porzana
Noveboracensis) in which the lower parts are dull yellow, darkest
on the breast. The back is streaked with brownish yellow and with
black, and spotted with white. Called also yellow crake. -
- Yellow rattle, Yellow rocket.
(Bot.) See under Rattle, and Rocket. --
Yellow Sally (Zoöl.), a greenish or
yellowish European stone fly of the genus Chloroperla; -- so
called by anglers. -- Yellow sculpin
(Zoöl.), the dragonet. -- Yellow
snake (Zoöl.), a West Indian boa
(Chilobothrus inornatus) common in Jamaica. It becomes from
eight to ten long. The body is yellowish or yellowish green, mixed
with black, and anteriorly with black lines. -- Yellow
spot. (a) (Anat.) A small
yellowish spot with a central pit, the fovea centralis, in the
center of the retina where vision is most accurate. See
Eye. (b) (Zoöl.) A small
American butterfly (Polites Peckius) of the Skipper family. Its
wings are brownish, with a large, irregular, bright yellow spot on
each of the hind wings, most conspicuous beneath. Called also
Peck's skipper. See Illust. under Skipper,
n., 5. -- Yellow tit
(Zoöl.), any one of several species of crested titmice
of the genus Machlolophus, native of India. The predominating
colors of the plumage are yellow and green. -- Yellow
viper (Zoöl.), the fer-de-lance. --
Yellow warbler (Zoöl.), any one of
several species of American warblers of the genus Dendroica in
which the predominant color is yellow, especially D.
æstiva, which is a very abundant and familiar species; --
called also garden warbler, golden warbler, summer
yellowbird, summer warbler, and yellow-poll
warbler. -- Yellow wash (Pharm.),
yellow oxide of mercury suspended in water, -- a mixture prepared
by adding corrosive sublimate to limewater. -- Yellow
wren (Zoöl.) (a) The
European willow warbler. (b) The European
wood warbler.
Yel"low, n. 1. A
bright golden color, reflecting more light than any other except
white; the color of that part of the spectrum which is between the
orange and green. "A long motley coat guarded with
yellow." Shak.
2. A yellow pigment.
Cadmium yellow, Chrome yellow,
Indigo yellow, King's yellow, etc.
See under Cadmium, Chrome, etc. --
Naples yellow, a yellow amorphous pigment, used
in oil, porcelain, and enamel painting, consisting of a basic lead
metantimonate, obtained by fusing together tartar emetic lead nitrate,
and common salt. -- Patent yellow (Old
Chem.), a yellow pigment consisting essentially of a lead
oxychloride; -- called also Turner's yellow.
Yel"low (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Yellowed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Yellowing.] To make yellow; to cause to have a yellow
tinge or color; to dye yellow.
Yel"low, v. i. To become yellow or
yellower.
Yel"low*am`mer (?), n.
(Zoöl.) See Yellow-hammer.
Yel"low*bill` (?), n.
(Zoöl.) The American scoter.
Yel"low*bird` (?), n.
(Zoöl.) (a) The American goldfinch,
or thistle bird. See Goldfinch. (b)
The common yellow warbler; -- called also summer
yellowbird. See Illust. of Yellow warbler, under
Yellow, a.
Yel"low-cov`ered (?), a. Covered or
bound in yellow paper.
Yellow-covered literature, cheap sensational
novels and trashy magazines; -- formerly so called from the usual
color of their covers. [Colloq. U. S.] Bartlett.
Yel"low-eyed` (?), a. Having yellow
eyes.
Yellow-eyed grass (Bot.), any plant of
the genus Xyris.
Yel"low*fin` (?), n. (Zoöl.)
A large squeteague.
Yel"low*fish` (?), n.
(Zoöl.) A rock trout (Pleurogrammus
monopterygius) found on the coast of Alaska; -- called also
striped fish, and Atka mackerel.
Yel"low-golds` (?), n. (Bot.)
A certain plant, probably the yellow oxeye. B.
Jonson.
Yel"low*ham`mer (?), n. [For yellow-
ammer, where ammer is fr. AS. amore a kind of bird;
akin to G. ammer a yellow-hammer, OHG. amero.]
(Zoöl.) (a) A common European finch
(Emberiza citrinella). The color of the male is bright yellow
on the breast, neck, and sides of the head, with the back yellow and
brown, and the top of the head and the tail quills blackish. Called
also yellow bunting, scribbling lark, and writing
lark. [Written also yellow-ammer.]
(b) The flicker. [Local, U. S.]
Yel"low*ing, n. The act or process
of making yellow.
Softened . . . by the yellowing which time has
given.
G. Eliot.
Yel"low*ish, a. Somewhat yellow;
as, amber is of a yellowish color. --
Yel"low*ish*ness, n.
Yel"low*legs` (?), n.
(Zoöl.) Any one of several species of long-legged
sandpipers of the genus Totanus, in which the legs are bright
yellow; -- called also stone snipe, tattler,
telltale, yellowshanks; and yellowshins. See
Tattler, 2.
Yel"low*ness, n. 1.
The quality or state of being yellow; as, the yellowness
of an orange.
2. Jealousy. [Obs.]
I will possess him with yellowness.
Shak.
Yel"low*root` (?), n. (Bot.)
Any one of several plants with yellow roots. Specifically:
(a) See Xanthorhiza.
(b) Same as Orangeroot.
Yel"lows (?), n. 1.
(Far.) A disease of the bile in horses, cattle, and sheep,
causing yellowness of the eyes; jaundice.
His horse . . . sped with spavins, rayed with the
yellows.
Shak.
2. (Bot.) A disease of plants, esp. of
peach trees, in which the leaves turn to a yellowish color;
jeterus.
3. (Zoöl.) A group of butterflies
in which the predominating color is yellow. It includes the common
small yellow butterflies. Called also redhorns, and
sulphurs. See Sulphur.
Yel"low*seed` (?), n. (Bot.)
A kind of pepper grass (Lepidium campestre).
{ Yel"low*shanks` (?), Yel"low*shins` (?), }
n. (Zoöl.) See
Yellolegs.
Yel"low*tail` (?), n.
(Zoöl.) (a) Any one of several
species of marine carangoid fishes of the genus Seriola;
especially, the large California species (S. dorsalis) which
sometimes weighs thirty or forty pounds, and is highly esteemed as a
food fish; -- called also cavasina, and white
salmon. (b) The mademoiselle, or
silver perch. (c) The menhaden.
(d) The runner, 12. (e)
A California rockfish (Sebastodes flavidus).
(f) The sailor's choice (Diplodus
rhomboides).
&fist; Several other fishes are also locally called
yellowtail.
Yel"low*throat` (?), n.
(Zoöl.) Any one of several species of American ground
warblers of the genus Geothlypis, esp. the Maryland
yellowthroat (G. trichas), which is a very common
species.
Yel"low*top` (?), n. (Bot.)
A kind of grass, perhaps a species of Agrostis.
Yel"low*wood` (?), n. (Bot.)
The wood of any one of several different kinds of trees; also,
any one of the trees themselves. Among the trees so called are the
Cladrastis tinctoria, an American leguminous tree; the several
species of prickly ash (Xanthoxylum); the Australian
Flindersia Oxleyana, a tree related to the mahogany; certain
South African species of Podocarpus, trees related to the yew;
the East Indian Podocarpus latifolia; and the true satinwood
(Chloroxylon Swietenia). All these Old World trees furnish
valuable timber.
Yel"low*wort` (?), n. (Bot.)
A European yellow-flowered, gentianaceous (Chlora
perfoliata). The whole plant is intensely bitter, and is sometimes
used as a tonic, and also in dyeing yellow.
Yelp (?), v. i. [imp. & p.
p. Yelped (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Yelping.] [OE. yelpen, &yogh;elpen, to boast,
boast noisily, AS. gielpan, gilpan, gylpan; akin
to OHG. gelph arrogant: cf. Icel. gjālpa to yelp.
Cf. Yap.]
1. To boast. [Obs.]
I keep [care] not of armes for to
yelpe.
Chaucer.
2. To utter a sharp, quick cry, as a hound; to
bark shrilly with eagerness, pain, or fear; to yaup.
A little herd of England's timorous deer,
Mazed with a yelping kennel of French curs?
Shak.
At the least flourish of a broomstick or ladle, he
would fly to the door with a yelping
precipitation.
W. Irving.
Yelp, n. A sharp, quick cry; a
bark. Chaucer.
Yelp"er (?), n. An animal that
yelps, or makes a yelping noise. Specifically:
(Zoöl.) (a) The avocet; -- so called
from its sharp, shrill cry. [Prov. Eng.] (b)
The tattler. [Local, U. S.]
Ye"man (?), n. A yeoman.
[Obs.] Chaucer.
||Yen (?), n. The unit of value and
account in Japan. Since Japan's adoption of the gold standard, in
1897, the value of the yen has been about 50 cents. The yen is
equal to 100 sen.
Yend (?), v. t. To throw; to
cast. [Prov. Eng.]
Ye"nite (?), n. [After Jena, in
Germany.] (Min.) A silicate of iron and lime occurring in
black prismatic crystals; -- also called ilvaite. [Spelt
also jenite.]
Yeo"man (?), n.; pl.
Yeomen (#). [OE. yoman, &yogh;eman,
&yogh;oman; of uncertain origin; perhaps the first, syllable is
akin to OFries. gā district, region, G. gau, OHG.
gewi, gouwi, Goth. gawi. √100.]
1. A common man, or one of the commonly of the
first or most respectable class; a freeholder; a man free
born.
&fist; A yeoman in England is considered as next in order to
the gentry. The word is little used in the United States, unless as a
title in law proceedings and instruments, designating occupation, and
this only in particular States.
2. A servant; a retainer. [Obs.]
A yeman hadde he and servants no
mo.
Chaucer.
3. A yeoman of the guard; also, a member of
the yeomanry cavalry. [Eng.]
4. (Naut.) An interior officer under
the boatswain, gunner, or carpenters, charged with the stowage,
account, and distribution of the stores.
Yeoman of the guard, one of the bodyguard of
the English sovereign, consisting of the hundred yeomen, armed with
partisans, and habited in the costume of the sixteenth century. They
are members of the royal household.
Yeo"man*like` (?), a. Resembling,
or suitable to, a yeoman; yeomanly.
Yeo"man*ly, a. Pertaining to a
yeoman; becoming or suitable to, a yeoman; yeomanlike. B.
Jonson.
Well could he dress his tackle
yeomanly.
Chaucer.
Yeo"man*ry (?), n. 1.
The position or rank of a yeoman. [Obs.] "His estate of
yeomanry." Chaucer.
2. The collective body of yeomen, or
freeholders.
The enfranchised yeomanry began to feel an
instinct for dominion.
Bancroft.
3. The yeomanry cavalry. [Eng.]
Yeomanry cavalry, certain bodies of volunteer
cavalry liable to service in Great Britain only. [Eng.]
Yeor"ling (?), n. [Cf. Yellow.]
(Zoöl.) The European yellow-hammer.
Yer (?), prep. Ere; before.
[Obs.] Sylvester.
||Yer"ba (?), n. [Sp.] (Bot.)
An herb; a plant.
&fist; This word is much used in compound names of plants in
Spanish; as, yerba buena [Sp., a good herb], a name applied in
Spain to several kinds of mint (Mentha sativa, viridis,
etc.), but in California universally applied to a common, sweet-
scented labiate plant (Micromeria Douglasii).
Yerba dol osa. [Sp., herb of the she-bear.] A
kind of buckthorn (Rhamnus Californica). -- Yerba
mansa. [Sp., a mild herb, soft herb.] A plant
(Anemopsis Californica) with a pungent, aromatic rootstock,
used medicinally by the Mexicans and the Indians. --
Yerba reuma. [Cf. Sp. reuma rheum,
rheumatism.] A low California undershrub (Frankenia
grandifolia).
Yerd (?), n. See 1st & 2d
Yard. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Yerk (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Yerked (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Yerking.] [See Yerk.]
1. To throw or thrust with a sudden, smart
movement; to kick or strike suddenly; to jerk.
Their wounded steeds . . .
Yerk out their armed heels at their dead masters.
Shak.
2. To strike or lash with a whip. [Obs.
or Scot.]
Yerk, v. i. 1. To
throw out the heels; to kick; to jerk.
They flirt, they yerk, they backward . . .
fling.
Drayton.
2. To move a quick, jerking motion.
Yerk, n. A sudden or quick thrust
or motion; a jerk.
Yern (?), v. i. See 3d
Yearn. [Obs.]
Yern, a. [OE. &yogh;ern,
&yogh;eorne, AS. georn desirous, eager. See
Yearn to long.] Eager; brisk; quick; active. [Obs.]
"Her song . . . loud and yern." Chaucer.
Yerne (?), adv. [OE. &yogh;eorne.
See Yern, a.] Eagerly; briskly;
quickly. [Obs.] Piers Plowman.
My hands and my tongue go so yerne.
Chaucer.
Yer"nut` (?), n. [Cf. Dan.
jordnöd, Sw. jordnöt, earthnut. Cf.
Jarnut.] An earthnut, or groundnut. See Groundnut
(d). [Written also yarnut.]
Yerst (?), adv. See
Erst. [Obs.] Sylvester.
Yes (?), adv. [OE. yis,
&yogh;is, &yogh;es, &yogh;ise, AS. gese,
gise; probably fr. geá yea + swā so.
√188. See Yea, and So.] Ay; yea; -- a word
which expresses affirmation or consent; -- opposed to
no.
&fist; Yes is used, like yea, to enforce, by
repetition or addition, something which precedes; as, you have done
all this -- yes, you have done more. "Yes, you despise
the man books confined." Pope.
&fist; "The fine distinction between ‘yea' and ‘yes,'
‘nay' and ‘no,' that once existed in English, has quite
disappeared. ‘Yea' and ‘nay' in Wyclif's time, and a good
deal later, were the answers to questions framed in the affirmative.
‘Will he come?' To this it would have been replied, ‘Yea'
or ‘Nay', as the case might be. But, ‘Will he not come?'
To this the answer would have been ‘Yes' or ‘No.' Sir
Thomas More finds fault with Tyndale, that in his translation of the
Bible he had not observed this distinction, which was evidently
therefore going out even then, that is, in the reign of Henry VIII.;
and shortly after it was quite forgotten." Trench.
Yest (?), n. See
Yeast. Shak.
Yes"ter (?), a. [See Yesterday.]
Last; last past; next before; of or pertaining to
yesterday.
[An enemy] whom yester sun beheld
Mustering her charms.
Dryden.
&fist; This word is now seldom used except in a few compounds; as,
yesterday, yesternight, etc.
Yes"ter*day (?), n. [OE.
&yogh;isterdai, AS. geostran dæg, from
geostran, geostra, giestran, gistran,
gystran, yesterday (akin to D. gisteren, G.
gestern, OHG. gestaron, Icel. gær
yesterday, to-morrow, Goth. gistradagis to-morrow, L.
heri yesterday, Gr. &?;, Skr. hyas) + dæg
day. Cf. Hestern. &?;&?;&?;&?;.]
1. The day last past; the day next before the
present.
All our yesterdays have lighted fools
The way to dusty death.
Shak.
We are but of yesterday, and know
nothing.
Job viii. 9.
2. Fig.: A recent time; time not long
past.
The proudest royal houses are but of yesterday,
when compared with the line of supreme pontiffs.
Macaulay.
Yes"ter*day, adv. On the day last
past; on the day preceding to-day; as, the affair took place
yesterday.
{ Yes"ter*eve` (?), Yes"ter-e`ven*ing (?), }
n. The evening of yesterday; the evening last
past.
{ Yes"ter*morn` (?), Yes"ter-morn`ing, }
n. The morning of yesterday.
Coleridge.
Yes"tern (?), a. [See Yester.]
Of or pertaining to yesterday; relating to the day last
past.
Yes"ter*night` (?), n. The last
night; the night last past.
Yes"ter*night`, adv. [AS. gystran
niht. See Yesterday.] On the last night. B.
Jonson.
Yes"ter*noon` (?), n. The noon of
yesterday; the noon last past.
Yes"ter*week` (?), n. The week last
past; last week.
Yes"ter*year` (?), n. The year last
past; last year.
Yes`treen" (?), n. Yester-evening;
yesternight; last night. [R. or Scot.]
Yestreen I did not know
How largely I could live.
Bp. Coxe.
Yest"y (?), a. See
Yeasty. Shak.
Yet (?), n. (Zoöl.) Any
one of several species of large marine gastropods belonging to the
genus Yetus, or Cymba; a boat shell.
Yet, adv. [OE. yet,
&yogh;et, &yogh;it, AS. git, gyt,
giet, gieta; akin to OFries. ieta, eta,
ita, MHG. iezuo, ieze, now, G. jetzo,
jetzt.]
1. In addition; further; besides; over and
above; still. "A little longer; yet a little longer."
Dryden.
This furnishes us with yet one more reason why
our savior, lays such a particular stress acts of mercy.
Atterbury.
The rapine is made yet blacker by the pretense
of piety and justice.
L'Estrange.
2. At the same time; by continuance from a
former state; still.
Facts they had heard while they were yet
heathens.
Addison.
3. Up to the present time; thus far; hitherto;
until now; -- and with the negative, not yet, not up to the
present time; not as soon as now; as, Is it time to go? Not
yet. See As yet, under As,
conj.
Ne never yet no villainy ne said.
Chaucer.
4. Before some future time; before the end;
eventually; in time. "He 'll be hanged yet."
Shak.
5. Even; -- used emphatically.
Men may not too rashly believe the confessions of
witches, nor yet the evidence against them.
Bacon.
Yet (?), conj. Nevertheless;
notwithstanding; however.
Yet I say unto you, That even Solomon in all his
glory was not arrayed like one of these.
Matt. vi.
29.
Syn. -- See However.
Yeve (?), v. i. To give.
[Obs.] Chaucer.
Yev"en (?), p. p. Given.
[Obs.] Chaucer.
Yew (ū), v. i. See
Yaw.
Yew, n. [OE. ew, AS.
eów, īw, eoh; akin to D. ijf,
OHG. īwa, īha, G. eibe, Icel.
&ymacr;r; cf. Ir. iubhar, Gael. iubhar,
iughar, W. yw, ywen, Lith. jëva the
black alder tree.]
1. (Bot.) An evergreen tree (Taxus
baccata) of Europe, allied to the pines, but having a peculiar
berrylike fruit instead of a cone. It frequently grows in British
churchyards.
2. The wood of the yew. It is light red in
color, compact, fine-grained, and very elastic. It is preferred to all
other kinds of wood for bows and whipstocks, the best for these
purposes coming from Spain.
&fist; The American yew (Taxus baccata, var.
Canadensis) is a low and straggling or prostrate bush, never
forming an erect trunk. The California yew (Taxus
brevifolia) is a good-sized tree, and its wood is used for bows,
spear handles, paddles, and other similar implements. Another yew is
found in Florida, and there are species in Japan and the
Himalayas.
3. A bow for shooting, made of the
yew.
Yew (ū), a. Of or pertaining
to yew trees; made of the wood of a yew tree; as, a yew
whipstock.
Yew"en (?), a. Made of yew; as,
yewen bows.
Yex (?), v. i. [OE. &yogh;exen,
yesken, AS. giscian to sob.] To hiccough.
[Written also yox, yux.] [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
He yexeth and he speaketh through the
nose.
Chaucer.
Yex, n. [AS. geocsa a sobbing,
hiccough. Cf. Yex, v. i.] A
hiccough. [Written also yox, and yux.] [Obs. or
Prov. Eng.] "The excessive yex." Holland.
Yez`de*ger"di*an (?; 277), a. Of or
pertaining to Yezdegerd, the last Sassanian monarch of Persia,
who was overthrown by the Mohammedans; as, the Yezdegerdian
era, which began on the 16th of June, a. d. 632. The era is
still used by the Parsees.
Yez"di (y&ebreve;z"dē), n.
Same as Izedi. Tylor.
{ Yez"i*dee (?), Yez"i*di (?) },
n. Same as Izedi.
Y*fere" (?), adv. Together. See
Ifere. [Obs.]
As friends do when they be met
yfere.
Chaucer.
Yg"dra*syl (?), n. (Scand. Myth.)
See in the Dictionary of Noted Names in Fiction.
Y"ghe (?), n. Eye. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Y*go" (?), obs. p. p. of Go.
Gone. Chaucer.
Y*ground" (?), obs. p. p. of
Grind. Chaucer.
Y*hold"e (?), obs. p. p. of
Hold. Chaucer.
Yield (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Yielded; obs. p. p. Yold
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Yielding.] [OE.
yelden, &yogh;elden, &yogh;ilden, AS.
gieldan, gildan, to pay, give, restore, make an
offering; akin to OFries. jelda, OS. geldan, D.
gelden to cost, to be worth, G. gelten, OHG.
geltan to pay, restore, make an offering, be worth, Icel.
gjalda to pay, give up, Dan. gielde to be worth, Sw.
gälla to be worth, gälda to pay, Goth.
gildan in fragildan, usgildan. Cf. 1st
Geld, Guild.]
1. To give in return for labor expended; to
produce, as payment or interest on what is expended or invested; to
pay; as, money at interest yields six or seven per
cent.
To yelde Jesu Christ his proper
rent.
Chaucer.
When thou tillest the ground, it shall not henceforth
yield unto thee her strength.
Gen. iv.
12.
2. To furnish; to afford; to render; to give
forth. "Vines yield nectar." Milton.
[He] makes milch kine yield blood.
Shak.
The wilderness yieldeth food for them and for
their children.
Job xxiv. 5.
3. To give up, as something that is claimed or
demanded; to make over to one who has a claim or right; to resign; to
surrender; to relinquish; as a city, an opinion, etc.
And, force perforce, I'll make him yield the
crown.
Shak.
Shall yield up all their virtue, all their
fame.
Milton.
4. To admit to be true; to concede; to
allow.
I yield it just, said Adam, and
submit.
Milton.
5. To permit; to grant; as, to yield
passage.
6. To give a reward to; to bless.
[Obs.] Chaucer.
Tend me to-night two hours, I ask no more,
And the gods yield you for 't.
Shak.
God yield thee, and God thank ye.
Beau. & Fl.
To yield the breath, the ghost,
or the life, to die; to expire; -- often
followed by up.
One calmly yields his willing
breath.
Keble.
Yield, v. i. 1. To
give up the contest; to submit; to surrender; to succumb.
He saw the fainting Grecians yield.
Dryden.
2. To comply with; to assent; as, I
yielded to his request.
3. To give way; to cease opposition; to be no
longer a hindrance or an obstacle; as, men readily yield to the
current of opinion, or to customs; the door yielded.
Will ye relent,
And yield to mercy while 't is offered you?
Shak.
4. To give place, as inferior in rank or
excellence; as, they will yield to us in nothing.
Nay tell me first, in what more happy fields
The thistle springs, to which the lily yields?
Pope.
Yield (?), n. Amount yielded;
product; -- applied especially to products resulting from growth or
cultivation. "A goodly yield of fruit doth bring."
Bacon.
Yield"a*ble (?), a. Disposed to
yield or comply. [R.] -- Yield"a*ble*ness,
n. [R.] Bp. Hall.
Yield"ance (?), n. 1.
The act of producing; yield; as, the yieldance of the
earth. [R.] Bp. Hall.
2. The act of yielding; concession.
[R.] South.
Yield"er (?), n. One who
yields. Shak.
Yield"ing, a. Inclined to give way,
or comply; flexible; compliant; accommodating; as, a yielding
temper.
Yielding and paying (Law), the initial
words of that clause in leases in which the rent to be paid by the
lessee is mentioned and reserved. Burrill.
Syn. -- Obsequious; attentive. -- Yielding,
Obsequious, Attentive. In many cases a man may be
attentive or yielding in a high degree without any
sacrifice of his dignity; but he who is obsequious seeks to
gain favor by excessive and mean compliances for some selfish end.
-- Yield"ing*ly, adv. --
Yield"ing*ness, n.
Yield"less, a. Without yielding;
unyielding. [Obs.]
Yift (?), n. Gift. [Obs.]
"Great yiftes." Chaucer.
Yin (?), n. A Chinese weight of
2⅔ pounds.
Yis (?), adv. Yes.
[Obs.]
"Yis, sir," quod he, "yis,
host."
Chaucer.
Yit (?), conj. Yet. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Yite (?), n. (Zoöl.)
The European yellow-hammer.
Yive (?), v. t. & i. To give.
[Obs.] Chaucer.
-yl (?). [Gr. &?; wood, material.] (Chem.) A
suffix used as a characteristic termination of chemical radicals; as
in ethyl, carbonyl, hydroxyl, etc.
&fist; -yl was first used in 1832 by Liebig and Wöhler
in naming benzoyl, in the sense of stuff, or
fundamental material, then in 1834 by Dumas and Peligot in
naming methyl, in the sense of wood. After this -
yl was generally used as in benzoyl, in the sense of
stuff, characteristic ground, fundamental
material.
Yle (?), n. Isle. [Obs.]
"The barren yle." Chaucer.
Y" lev`el (?). (Surv.) See under Y,
n.
{ Y*liche" (?), Y*like" (?) }, a. &
adv. Like; alike. [Obs.] "All . . .
yliche good." Chaucer.
Yl`lan*ra*ton" (?), n. [From the native
name.] (Zoöl.) The agouara.
Y*mak"ed (?), obs. p. p. of Make.
Made.
Y*mel" (?), prep. [OE. ymel,
imelle, of Scand. origin; cf. Icel. ī milli,
ī millum (properly, in the middle, fr. &?; in +
mi&?;il, me&?;al, middle, akin to E. middle),
Dan. imellem, Sw. emellan. See In, and
Middle.] Among. [Obs.] "Ymel them all."
Chaucer.
Y*nam"bu (?), n. (Zoöl.)
A South American tinamou (Rhynchotus rufescens); -- called
also perdiz grande, and rufous tinamou. See
Illust. of Tinamou.
{ Y*nough" (?), Y*now" (?) },
a. [See Enough.] Enough. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Yock"el (?), n. [Cf. Yokel.]
(Zoöl.) The yaffle.
Yode (?), obs. imp. of Go. [OE.
yode, yede, &yogh;ede, &yogh;eode,
eode, AS. eóde, used as the imp. of
gān to go; akin to Goth. iddja I, he, went, L.
ire to go, Gr. 'ie`nai, Skr. i,
yā. √4. Cf. Issue.] Went; walked;
proceeded. [Written also yede.] See Yede.
Quer [whether] they rade [rode] or
yode.
Cursor Mundi.
Then into Cornhill anon I yode.
Lydgate.
{ Yo"del (?), Yo"dle (?), } v. t. &
i. [imp. & p. p. Yodeled,
Yodled; p. pr. & vb. n. Yodeling,
Yodling.] [G. jodeln.] To sing in a manner common
among the Swiss and Tyrolese mountaineers, by suddenly changing from
the head voice, or falsetto, to the chest voice, and the contrary; to
warble.
{ Yo"del, Yo"dle }, n. A
song sung by yodeling, as by the Swiss mountaineers.
Yo"dler (?), n. One who
yodels.
||Yo"ga (?), n. [Skr. yōga
union.] A species of asceticism among the Hindoos, which consists
in a complete abstraction from all worldly objects, by which the
votary expects to obtain union with the universal spirit, and to
acquire superhuman faculties.
Yo"gi (?), n. [Skr. yōgin.]
A follower of the yoga philosophy; an ascetic. [Spelt also
yokin.] Whitworth.
Yo"icks (?), interj. (Hunting)
A cry of encouragement to foxhounds.
Yoit (?), n. (Zoöl.)
The European yellow-hammer. [Prov. Eng.]
||Yo"jan (?), n. [Skr.
yōjana.] A measure of distance, varying from four to
ten miles, but usually about five. [India] [Written also
yojana.]
Yoke (yōk), n. [OE. yok,
&yogh;oc, AS. geoc; akin to D. juk, OHG.
joh, G. joch, Icel. & Sw. ok, Dan. aag,
Goth. juk, Lith. jungas, Russ. igo, L.
jugum, Gr. zy`gon, Skr. yuga, and to L.
jungere to join, Gr. &?;, Skr. yui. √109, 280.
Cf. Join, Jougs, Joust, Jugular,
Subjugate, Syzygy, Yuga, Zeugma.]
1. A bar or frame of wood by which two oxen
are joined at the heads or necks for working together.
A yearling bullock to thy name shall smoke,
Untamed, unconscious of the galling yoke.
Pope.
&fist; The modern yoke for oxen is usually a piece of timber
hollowed, or made curving, near each end, and laid on the necks of the
oxen, being secured in place by two bows, one inclosing each neck, and
fastened through the timber. In some countries the yoke consists of a
flat piece of wood fastened to the foreheads of the oxen by thongs
about the horns.
2. A frame or piece resembling a yoke, as in
use or shape. Specifically: (a) A frame of
wood fitted to a person's shoulders for carrying pails, etc.,
suspended on each side; as, a milkmaid's yoke.
(b) A frame worn on the neck of an animal, as a
cow, a pig, a goose, to prevent passage through a fence.
(c) A frame or convex piece by which a bell is
hung for ringing it. See Illust. of Bell.
(d) A crosspiece upon the head of a boat's
rudder. To its ends lines are attached which lead forward so that the
boat can be steered from amidships. (e)
(Mach.) A bent crosspiece connecting two other
parts. (f) (Arch.) A tie securing
two timbers together, not used for part of a regular truss, but
serving a temporary purpose, as to provide against unusual
strain. (g) (Dressmaking) A band
shaped to fit the shoulders or the hips, and joined to the upper full
edge of the waist or the skirt.
3. Fig.: That which connects or binds; a
chain; a link; a bond connection.
Boweth your neck under that blissful yoke . . .
Which that men clepeth spousal or wedlock.
Chaucer.
This yoke of marriage from us both
remove.
Dryden.
4. A mark of servitude; hence, servitude;
slavery; bondage; service.
Our country sinks beneath the yoke.
Shak.
My yoke is easy, and my burden is
light.
Matt. xi. 30.
5. Two animals yoked together; a couple; a
pair that work together.
I have bought five yoke of oxen, and I go to
prove them.
Luke xiv. 19.
6. The quantity of land plowed in a day by a
yoke of oxen. [Obs.] Gardner.
7. A portion of the working day; as, to work
two yokes, that is, to work both portions of the day, or
morning and afternoon. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.
Neck yoke, Pig yoke. See
under Neck, and Pig. -- Yoke elm
(Bot.), the European hornbeam (Carpinus Betulus), a
small tree with tough white wood, often used for making yokes for
cattle.
Yoke (?), v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Yoked (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Yoking.]
1. To put a yoke on; to join in or with a
yoke; as, to yoke oxen, or pair of oxen.
2. To couple; to join with another. "Be
ye not unequally yoked with unbelievers." 2 Cor. vi.
14.
Cassius, you are yoked with a lamb.
Shak.
3. To enslave; to bring into bondage; to
restrain; to confine.
Then were they yoked with
garrisons.
Milton.
The words and promises that yoke
The conqueror are quickly broke.
Hudibras.
Yoke, v. i. To be joined or
associated; to be intimately connected; to consort closely; to
mate.
We 'll yoke together, like a double
shadow.
Shak.
Yoke"age (?), n. See
Rokeage. [Local, U. S.]
Yoke"fel`low (?), n. [Yoke +
fellow.] An associate or companion in, or as in; a mate; a
fellow; especially, a partner in marriage. Phil. iv.
3.
The two languages [English and French] became
yokefellows in a still more intimate manner.
Earle.
Those who have most distinguished themselves by railing
at the sex, very often choose one of the most worthless for a
companion and yokefellow.
Addison.
Yo"kel (?), n. [Perhaps from an AS. word
akin to E. gawk.] A country bumpkin. [Eng.]
Dickens.
Yoke"let (?), n. A small farm; --
so called as requiring but one yoke of oxen to till it. [Prov.
Eng.]
Yoke"mate` (?), n. Same as
Yokefellow.
Yoke"-toed` (?), a. (Zoöl.)
Having two toes in front and two behind, as the trogons and
woodpeckers.
Yold (?), obs. p. p. of Yield.
Yielded. Spenser.
Yold"en (?), obs. p. p. of Yield.
Yielded.
Yolk (yōlk or yōk; 277),
n. [OE. yolke, yelke,
&yogh;olke, &yogh;elke, AS. geoloca,
geoleca, fr. geolu yellow. See Yellow.] [Written
also yelk.]
1. The yellow part of an egg; the
vitellus.
2. (Zoöl.) An oily secretion which
naturally covers the wool of sheep.
Yolk cord (Zoöl.), a slender cord
or duct which connects the yolk glands with the egg chambers in
certain insects, as in the aphids. -- Yolk
gland (Zoöl.), a special organ which
secretes the yolk of the eggs in many turbellarians, and in some other
invertebrates. See Illust. of Hermaphrodite in
Appendix. -- Yolk sack (Anat.), the
umbilical vesicle. See under Unbilical.
Yoll (yōl), v. i. To
yell. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Yon (y&obreve;n), a. [OE. yon,
&yogh;on, AS. geon; akin to G. jener, OHG.
jenēr, Icel. enn, inn; cf. Goth.
jains. √188. Cf. Beyond, Yond,
Yonder.] At a distance, but within view; yonder.
[Poetic]
Read thy lot in yon celestial sign.
Milton.
Though fast yon shower be fleeting.
Keble.
Yon, adv. Yonder. [Obs. or
Poetic]
But, first and chiefest, with thee bring
Him that yon soars on golden wing.
Milton.
Yon"co*pin (?), n. [Perhaps corrupted
from Illinois micoupena, Chippewa makopin, the American
lotus.] (Bot.) A local name in parts of the Mississippi
Valley for the American lotus (Nelumbo lutea).
Yond (?), a. [Cf. AS. anda,
onda, anger, andian to be angry.] Furious; mad;
angry; fierce. [Obs.] "Then wexeth wood and yond."
Spenser.
Yond, adv. & a. [OE. yond,
&yogh;ond, &yogh;eond, through, beyond, over, AS.
geond, adv. & prep.; cf. Goth. jaind thither.
√188. See Yon, a.] Yonder.
[Obs.] "Yond in the garden." Chaucer.
Yon"der (?), adv. [OE. yonder,
&yogh;onder; cf. OD. ginder, Goth. jaindr&?;
there. &?;&?;&?;&?;. See Yond, adv.] At
a distance, but within view.
Yonder are two apple women
scolding.
Arbuthnot.
Yon"der, a. Being at a distance
within view, or conceived of as within view; that or those there;
yon. "Yon flowery arbors, yonder alleys green."
Milton. "Yonder sea of light." Keble.
Yonder men are too many for an
embassage.
Bacon.
||Yo"ni (?), n. [Skr. y&?;ni.]
(Hindoo Myth.) The symbol under which Sakti, or the
personification of the female power in nature, is worshiped. Cf.
Lingam.
Yon"ker (?), n. [See Younker.]
A young fellow; a younker. [Obs. or Colloq.] Sir W.
Scott.
Yore (yōr), adv. [OE.
&yogh;ore, yare, &yogh;are, AS.
geára;akin to geár a year, E. year.
√204. See Year.] In time long past; in old time;
long since. [Obs. or Poetic]
As it hath been of olde times yore.
Chaucer.
Which though he hath polluted oft and yore,
Yet I to them for judgment just do fly.
Spenser.
Of yore, of old time; long ago; as, in times
or days of yore. "But Satan now is wiser than of
yore." Pope.
Where Abraham fed his flock of
yore.
Keble.
York"er (?), n. (Cricket) A
tice.
York"shire (?), n. A county in the
north of England.
Yorkshire grit, a kind of stone used for
polishing marble, and copperplates for engravers.
Simmonds. -- Yorkshire pudding, a batter
pudding baked under meat.
York" use` (?). (Eccl.) The one of the three
printed uses of England which was followed in the north. It was based
on the Sarum use. See Use, n., 6.
Shipley.
Yot (?), v. t. To unite
closely. [Prov. Eng.]
Yote (yōt), v. t. [OE.
&yogh;eoten, &yogh;eten, to pour, AS.
geótan. See Found to cast.] To pour water
on; to soak in, or mix with, water. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
Grose.
My fowls, which well enough,
I, as before, found feeding at their trough
Their yoted wheat.
Chapman.
You (ū), pron.
[Possess. Your (ūr) or Yours
(ūrz); dat. & obj. You.] [OE.
you, eou, eow, dat. & acc., AS.
eów, used as dat. & acc. of ge, gē,
ye; akin to OFries. iu, io, D. u, G. euch,
OHG. iu, dat., iuwih, acc., Icel. yðr, dat. &
acc., Goth. izwis; of uncertain origin. √189. Cf.
Your.] The pronoun of the second person, in the
nominative, dative, and objective case, indicating the person or
persons addressed. See the Note under Ye.
Ye go to Canterbury; God you speed.
Chaucer.
Good sir, I do in friendship counsel you
To leave this place.
Shak.
In vain you tell your parting lover
You wish fair winds may waft him over.
Prior.
&fist; Though you is properly a plural, it is in all
ordinary discourse used also in addressing a single person, yet
properly always with a plural verb. "Are you he that hangs the
verses on the trees, wherein Rosalind is so admired ?" Shak.
You and your are sometimes used indefinitely, like
we, they, one, to express persons not specified.
"The looks at a distance like a new-plowed land; but as you
come near it, you see nothing but a long heap of heavy,
disjointed clods." Addison. "Your medalist and critic
are much nearer related than the world imagine." Addison. "It
is always pleasant to be forced to do what you wish to do, but
what, until pressed, you dare not attempt." Hook.
You is often used reflexively for yourself of
yourselves. "Your highness shall repose you at the
tower." Shak.
Youl (?), v. i. To yell; to
yowl. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Young (yŭng), a.
[Compar. Younger (yŭ&nsm;"g&etilde;r);
superl. Youngest (-g&ebreve;st).] [OE.
yung, yong, &yogh;ong, &yogh;ung, AS.
geong; akin to OFries. iung, iong, D.
joing, OS., OHG., & G. jung, Icel. ungr, Sw. &
Dan. ung, Goth. juggs, Lith. jaunas, Russ.
iunuii, L. juvencus, juvenis, Skr.
juvaça, juvan. √281. Cf. Junior,
Juniper, Juvenile, Younker, Youth.]
1. Not long born; still in the first part of
life; not yet arrived at adolescence, maturity, or age; not old;
juvenile; -- said of animals; as, a young child; a young
man; a young fawn.
For he so young and tender was of
age.
Chaucer.
"Whom the gods love, die young," has been too
long carelessly said; . . . whom the gods love, live young
forever.
Mrs. H. H. Jackson.
2. Being in the first part, pr period, of
growth; as, a young plant; a young tree.
While the fears of the people were
young.
De Foe.
3. Having little experience; inexperienced;
unpracticed; ignorant; weak.
Come, come, elder brother, you are too young in
this.
Shak.
Young, n. The offspring of animals,
either a single animal or offspring collectively.
[The egg] bursting with kindly rupture, forth
disclosed
Their callow young.
Milton.
With young, with child; pregnant.
Young"ger (?), n. One who is
younger; an inferior in age; a junior. "The elder shall serve
the younger." Rom. ix. 12.
Young"ish (?), a. Somewhat
young. Tatler.
Young"ling (?), n. [AS.
geongling.] A young person; a youth; also, any animal in
its early life. "More dear . . . than younglings to
their dam." Spenser.
He will not be so willing, I think, to join with you as
with us younglings.
Ridley.
Young"ling, a. Young;
youthful. Wordsworth.
Young"ly, a. [AS. geonglic.]
Like a young person or thing; young; youthful. [Obs.]
Shak.
Young"ly, adv. 1.
In a young manner; in the period of youth; early in life.
[Obs.] Shak.
2. Ignorantly; weakly. [R.]
Young"ness, n. The quality or state
of being young.
Young"ster (?), n. A young person;
a youngling; a lad. [Colloq.] "He felt himself quite a
youngster, with a long life before him." G. Eliot.
Youngth (?), n. Youth.
[Obs.]
Youngth is a bubble blown up with
breath.
Spenser.
Youngth"ly, a. Pertaining to, or
resembling, youth; youthful. [Obs.] Spenser.
Youn"ker (?), n. [D. jonker,
jonkeer; jong young + heer a lord, sir,
gentleman. See Young, a.] A young
person; a stripling; a yonker. [Obs. or Colloq.]
That same younker soon was
overthrown.
Spenser.
You"pon (?), n. (Bot.) Same
as Yaupon.
Your (ūr), pron. & a. [OE.
your, &yogh;our, eowr, eower, AS.
eówer, originally used as the gen. of ge,
gē, ye; akin to OFries. iuwer your, OS.
iuwar, D. uw, OHG. iuwēr, G. euer,
Icel. yðar, Goth. izwara, izwar, and E.
you. √189. See You.] The fo
